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| *Pregnancy category: AU: B3
| | Pregnancy category: AU: B3 |
| *Metabolism: Kidney and non-kidney
| | Metabolism: Kidney and non-kidney |
| *Excretion: Bile duct (70%); kidney (30%)
| | Excretion: Bile duct (70%); kidney (30%) |
| *AHFS/Drugs.com: International Drug Names
| | AHFS/Drugs.com: International Drug Names |
| *ATCvet code: QJ01MA90 (WHO) QD06BA51 (WHO)
| | ATCvet code: QJ01MA90 (WHO) QD06BA51 (WHO) |
| *Bioavailability: 80% in dogs, 65-75% in sheep
| | Bioavailability: 80% in dogs, 65-75% in sheep |
| *Elimination half-life: 4–5 hours in dogs, 6 hours in cats, 1.5 - 4.5 hours in sheep
| | Elimination half-life: 4–5 hours in dogs, 6 hours in cats, 1.5 - 4.5 hours in sheep |
| *Antimicrobial Agents Used in Rabbits
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| Broome RL, Brooks DL. Efficacy of enrofloxacin in the treatment of respiratory pasteurellosis in rabbits. Lab Anim Sci 1991;41:572-576. | | Broome RL, Brooks DL. Efficacy of enrofloxacin in the treatment of respiratory pasteurellosis in rabbits. Lab Anim Sci 1991;41:572-576. |
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| Baytril has also been effective to treat early onset cases in trials 2014.
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| https://bmcvetres.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12917-014-0276-6
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| Alternative treatment of serious and mild Pasteurella multocida infection in New Zealand White rabbits
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| Orsolya Palócz, János Gál, Paul Clayton, Zoltán Dinya, Zoltán Somogyi, Csaba Juhász & György Csikó
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| BMC Veterinary Research volume 10, Article number: 276 (2014)
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| Pasteurella multocida causes numerous economically relevant diseases in livestock including rabbits. Immunization is only variably effective. Prophylactic
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| antibiotics are used in some species but are contra-indicated in rabbits, due to their adverse effects on the rabbit microbiota. There is therefore a substantial
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| need for alternative forms of infection control in rabbits; we investigated the effect of oral β-glucan on P. multocida infection in this species.
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| Results
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| Thirty-five New Zealand White rabbits were randomly divided into five groups of seven animals. Three groups were inoculated with Pasteurella multocida
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| intranasally (in.), a physiologically appropriate challenge which reproduces naturally acquired infection, and received either (1-3), (1-6) β-glucans or placebo.
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| Four other groups were inoculated both in. and intramuscularly (im.), representing a supra-physiological challenge, and received either (1-3), (1-6) β-glucans,
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| antibiotic or placebo. β-glucans given prophylactically were highly effective in protecting against physiological (in.) bacterial challenge. They were less
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| effective in protecting against supra-physiological bacterial challenge (in. and im.), although they extended survival times. This latter finding has practical
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| relevance to breeders as it extends the window in which heavily infected and symptomatic animals can be salvaged with antibiotics.
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| Conclusions
| | ===GI stasis protocol=== |
| In our study, (1-3), (1-6) β-glucans were highly effective in protecting against a model of naturally acquired P. multocida infection and extended survival times
| | • Use only when indicated; enrofloxacin or trimethoprim/sulfa are generally the drugs of choice; use parenterally until stools are passed; metronidazole may be indicated for anaerobe overgrowth |
| in the supra-physiological model. Enrofloxacin(baytril) was effective in protecting against supra-physiological infection. We are currently reviewing the use of combined
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| prophylaxis.
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| ===GI stasis protocol===
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| • Use only when indicated; enrofloxacin or trimethoprim/sulfa are generally the drugs of choice; use parenterally until stools are passed; metronidazole may be indicated for anaerobe overgrowth
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| *Broome RL, Brooks DL, Babish JG, et al. Pharmacokinetic properties of enrofloxacin in rabbits. Am J Vet Res 1991;52:1835-1841. | | *Broome RL, Brooks DL, Babish JG, et al. Pharmacokinetic properties of enrofloxacin in rabbits. Am J Vet Res 1991;52:1835-1841. |
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| ==notes== | | ==notes== |
| May cause arthropathies in young dogs, but similar effects using standard dosages in rabbits have not been reported; SC and IM injections may cause muscle necrosis or sterile abscesses; dilute before giving parenterally | | May cause arthropathies in young dogs, but similar effects using standard dosages in rabbits have not been reported; SC and IM injections may cause muscle necrosis or sterile abscesses; dilute before giving parenterally |
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| ==References==
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| Exotic animal formulary / editor, James W. Carpenter ; associate editor, Christopher J. Marion. -- 4th ed. p. ; cm.
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| ISBN 978-1-4377-2264-2 (pbk.) I. Carpenter, James W. (James Wyman). II. Marion, Christopher J.
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| [DNLM: 1. Veterinary Drugs--Formularies. 2. Animals, Domestic--Formularies. 3. Animals, Wild--Formularies. 4. Animals, Zoo--Formularies. 5. Drug Therapy--veterinary--Formularies. SF 917]
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