Difference between revisions of "Sore Hocks"
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== Prevention, Treatment and Control== | == Prevention, Treatment and Control== | ||
To prevent sore hocks, | To prevent sore hocks, put your rabbit in a wire cage with a properly gauged wire floor. Proper Gauge wire will measure 1" by 1/2 inch grid spacing using a 12-16 gauge Galvanized After Weld smooth wire mesh. These floors are ideal for the majority of rabbits because they allow a soft surface , cushioned floor, and allowance for urine and feces to drop out of the cage away from the rabbit. This in turn prevents urine scald or soiling surfaces keeping the rabbit cleaner, drier and preventing sore hock lesions. | ||
Here is a quote from Welfare and the intensive production of rabbits by J.-P. MORISSE and R. MAURICE * | Here is a quote from Welfare and the intensive production of rabbits by J.-P. MORISSE and R. MAURICE * | ||
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Treatment | Treatment: | ||
When Sore Hocks are initially found you need to assess the cause (see cause section above) | |||
* | *Genetics: a rabbit has thin, narrow and poorly furred feet. If your rabbit is on proper wire flooring with resting mats and keeps getting sore hocks, do not breed it. A rabbit with poor genetics should be culled. There is no treatment for genetic sore hocks. Rabbits with this condition will continue to develop sores on all surfaces. It is kinder to release these animals from their suffering through culling/euthanasia. | ||
* | *Improper Flooring: Your rabbit is on a solid bottom cage,carpet,fleece, flannel, or is being housed on improper wire such as hardware cloth. Carpet and Fleece/Flannel rugs are actually a HARD flooring surface becuse they are on a solid floor with no give. These surfaces cause rugburn by wearing the fur off the rabbit's feet. Improper wire works the same way. Hardware cloth, a thin small grid wire, will also rub the fur off a rabbits feet and is not recommended as a floor wire for rabbit cages. | ||
*Fungal Infections : Rabbits in a wet or humid environment, putting feet in water bowls, sitting in litterboxes, etc. may develop Fungal infections. This can lead to hair loss on the foot bottom, but is easily treated with antifungal creams, athletes foot cream or spray, or monistat/miconazole cream (yeast infection cream). | |||
We have identified the cause, corrected the sources of the sore hocks...now how do we fix the feet?: | |||
Know this recipe: Triple Whammy Cream | |||
1large tube neosporin. | |||
1large tube hydrocortisone cream. | |||
1 tube 7 day miconazole cream. | |||
Combined in a sealable wide mouth jar, squeeze all tubes in and mix thoroughly until well combined and uniform. Keep jar sealed, keep jar in cool dry place. | |||
Give your rabbit a foot bath in lightly medicated WARM water using hospital wound wash. DRY your rabbit Thoroughly, then apply | For the first 3 days apply triple whammy cream to the feet and wrap with gauze and vet wrap, be careful not to cut off circulation wrapping. Make your wrap firm, but loose enough to allow proper blood flow. For the next 3 days place the rabbit in a wire bottomed cage with correct gauge wire and plastic rest mats covering the whole bottom of the cage. Make sure that you are keeping the feet clean and dry. After removing the wraps continue to apply Triple whammy cream daily for the next week. Then keep your rabbits area as clean as possibly while the fur grows back over the next few weeks. Some rabbits may take a month or more to recover. | ||
*Urine scald: Rabbits kept with litter boxes or in unsanitary conditions where they can sit in their own filth will develop sore hocks. The dampness from the urine and feces will quickly wear the fur off a rabbit's feet and cause lesions. | |||
Give your rabbit a foot bath in lightly medicated WARM water using hospital wound wash. DRY your rabbit Thoroughly, then apply Triple whammy cream to the feet and wrap with gauze and vet wrap. Re-wrap in fresh dressing daily for the next 3 days. For the next 3 days, place the rabbit in a wire bottom cage with correct gauge wire and plastic rest mats covering the whole bottom of the cage. Make sure that you are keeping the feet clean and dry. After removing the wraps continue to apply triple whammy cream daily for the next week. Then keep your rabbit's area as clean as possibly while the fur grows back over the next few weeks. | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 06:02, 22 February 2024
Pododermatitis (Sore Hock)
alternate names : in the UK Sorehocks is also called bumblefoot which is a chicken foot aliment in the united states
Etiology (cause)
Genetics are the primary cause of sore hocks. When genetics are not in play, other contributing factors are lack of sanitation, exposure to moisture, urine, feces. Humidity and moisture can lead to fungal infections that break down foot furring leading to calluses or sores. As well as not keeping up with proper grooming and nail trims which can cause pressure sores on the feet. Solid floors or uncut nails cause the toes of the feet to be pushed upwards, this position changes all the weight bearing to the rear of the heel which leads to sore hocks.
Sore hocks mainly happens to poorly bred rabbits since they do not have thick enough fur on the feet. Wire is not the problem. Incorrect types of wire flooring, carpet, fleece, or any surface that can hold moisture and bacteria is the main culprit. Please remember, even if you clean a litterbox daily, the rabbit can still touch it's urine or feces for part of that day.
- There are further causes for Sore Hocks. Rex rabbits have a genetic predisposition related to their short and soft fur. When there is insufficient litter in their litterbox, or when the Rex lives freely in an apartment, the hair under the feet wears off quickly and no longer offers the necessary protection [1]
Clinical Signs
Prevention, Treatment and Control
To prevent sore hocks, put your rabbit in a wire cage with a properly gauged wire floor. Proper Gauge wire will measure 1" by 1/2 inch grid spacing using a 12-16 gauge Galvanized After Weld smooth wire mesh. These floors are ideal for the majority of rabbits because they allow a soft surface , cushioned floor, and allowance for urine and feces to drop out of the cage away from the rabbit. This in turn prevents urine scald or soiling surfaces keeping the rabbit cleaner, drier and preventing sore hock lesions.
Here is a quote from Welfare and the intensive production of rabbits by J.-P. MORISSE and R. MAURICE *
"Types of flooring and foot lesions: . . . . The adoption of wire-mesh cages was a decisive step in the transition from traditional to specialized husbandry, making it possible to increase the number of animals by reducing the labor requirement. Wire-mesh walls do not create any special problem, as they even allow social contact between animals (only males require solid walls to prevent conflicts), but flooring has been studied closely to reduce the occurrence of foot lesions.
Such lesions, which are a major cause of culling of breeding stock, commence with skin erosion at the tarsus and usually result in scab formation. The posture adopted by an affected animal clearly demonstrates the discomfort and suffering produced by this lesion.
Manufacturers of flooring have assisted in solving this problem by adopting strict rules for the flooring of cages for breeding stock, namely: - abandonment of 19 x 19 mm square mesh - adoption of 75 x 12.5 mm rectangular mesh, allowing a better sitting posture - using wire of not less than 2.4 mm in diameter - removing all roughness from soldered joints.
For their part, breeders have taken into account morphological criteria, such as size and quality of paws, and density of the hair coat to reduce the incidence of foot lesions.
In recent years, breeders have started to use plastic grid floors for males, and often for females as well (Ph. Le Cerf, personal communication), to provide better comfort for the animals and solve the problem of foot lesions."
http://www.oie.int/doc/ged/D8877.PDF
Treatment:
When Sore Hocks are initially found you need to assess the cause (see cause section above)
- Genetics: a rabbit has thin, narrow and poorly furred feet. If your rabbit is on proper wire flooring with resting mats and keeps getting sore hocks, do not breed it. A rabbit with poor genetics should be culled. There is no treatment for genetic sore hocks. Rabbits with this condition will continue to develop sores on all surfaces. It is kinder to release these animals from their suffering through culling/euthanasia.
- Improper Flooring: Your rabbit is on a solid bottom cage,carpet,fleece, flannel, or is being housed on improper wire such as hardware cloth. Carpet and Fleece/Flannel rugs are actually a HARD flooring surface becuse they are on a solid floor with no give. These surfaces cause rugburn by wearing the fur off the rabbit's feet. Improper wire works the same way. Hardware cloth, a thin small grid wire, will also rub the fur off a rabbits feet and is not recommended as a floor wire for rabbit cages.
- Fungal Infections : Rabbits in a wet or humid environment, putting feet in water bowls, sitting in litterboxes, etc. may develop Fungal infections. This can lead to hair loss on the foot bottom, but is easily treated with antifungal creams, athletes foot cream or spray, or monistat/miconazole cream (yeast infection cream).
We have identified the cause, corrected the sources of the sore hocks...now how do we fix the feet?:
Know this recipe: Triple Whammy Cream
1large tube neosporin. 1large tube hydrocortisone cream. 1 tube 7 day miconazole cream. Combined in a sealable wide mouth jar, squeeze all tubes in and mix thoroughly until well combined and uniform. Keep jar sealed, keep jar in cool dry place.
For the first 3 days apply triple whammy cream to the feet and wrap with gauze and vet wrap, be careful not to cut off circulation wrapping. Make your wrap firm, but loose enough to allow proper blood flow. For the next 3 days place the rabbit in a wire bottomed cage with correct gauge wire and plastic rest mats covering the whole bottom of the cage. Make sure that you are keeping the feet clean and dry. After removing the wraps continue to apply Triple whammy cream daily for the next week. Then keep your rabbits area as clean as possibly while the fur grows back over the next few weeks. Some rabbits may take a month or more to recover.
- Urine scald: Rabbits kept with litter boxes or in unsanitary conditions where they can sit in their own filth will develop sore hocks. The dampness from the urine and feces will quickly wear the fur off a rabbit's feet and cause lesions.
Give your rabbit a foot bath in lightly medicated WARM water using hospital wound wash. DRY your rabbit Thoroughly, then apply Triple whammy cream to the feet and wrap with gauze and vet wrap. Re-wrap in fresh dressing daily for the next 3 days. For the next 3 days, place the rabbit in a wire bottom cage with correct gauge wire and plastic rest mats covering the whole bottom of the cage. Make sure that you are keeping the feet clean and dry. After removing the wraps continue to apply triple whammy cream daily for the next week. Then keep your rabbit's area as clean as possibly while the fur grows back over the next few weeks.
References
[1] Pododermatitis, a difficult problem in rabbits... June 2014
[2] Assessing Ulcerative Pododermatitis of Breeding Rabbits
Testimonies
Testimony from CKS Rabbitry https://www.tiktok.com/t/ZT8RFtxVd/
Treatment of urine scalded feet using wire cages https://www.tiktok.com/t/ZT8RF3RMM/ https://www.tiktok.com/t/ZT8RFEh5T/
Demonstration of rabbit feet https://www.tiktok.com/t/ZT8RFtX4v/
